By Muhammadu Buhari (President of Nigeria).
This month, the world moved a step closer to the defeat
of Boko Haram, the jihadist group that has terrorized hundreds of thousands in
the northern states of Nigeria. In one of my first acts since taking office as
president six weeks ago, I have replaced the heads of Nigeria’s army, navy and
air force. Our new military leadership has not been chosen because of their
familiarity with those in government, as was too often the case in the past,
but on their track records and qualifications alone.
These new military leaders will be based in Borno State
in northern Nigeria, where the headquarters of the armed services has been
relocated. This shift of resources and command directly to the front line, in
addition to the replacement of the head of the State Security Service,
Nigeria’s intelligence organization, and a new emphasis on working in
partnership with our neighbors, has equipped us to take the fight directly to
Boko Haram.
Already we are beginning to see a degrading of Boko
Haram’s capabilities as a fighting force. In recent weeks, it appears to have
shifted away from confronting the military directly to an increase in attacks
on civilian areas, as we saw only last week when an elderly woman and
10-year-old girl blew themselves up at a Muslim prayer gathering in
northeastern Nigeria. We should not be confused by this change, hateful as it
is: It does not mean that Boko Haram is succeeding in its aims — it shows that
it is losing.
While we work to defeat the terrorists, I ask the people
of Nigeria and the world for resolve and fortitude. The campaign we will wage
will not be easy; it may not be swift. We should expect stages of success and
also moments when it may appear that our advances have been checked. But no one
should have any doubt as to the strength of our collective will or my
commitment to rid this nation of terror and bring back peace and normalcy to
all affected areas.
Similarly, my determination should not be underestimated
in other matters. This includes instilling good governance and tackling the
scourge of corruption that has held Nigeria back for too long.
As I meet with President Obama today — the first time a
president of the United States will encounter a Nigerian counterpart following
the peaceful transfer of power in a contested election in our history — I will
be discussing my plans for critical reforms. So, too, will I discuss why the
formation of my administration is taking time and, crucially, why it must.
Already there are voices saying these changes are taking too long — even though
only six weeks have passed since my inauguration. I hear such calls, but this
task cannot and should not be rushed.
When cabinet ministers are appointed in September, it
will be some months after I took the oath of office. It is worth noting that
Obama himself did not have his full Cabinet in place for several months after
first taking office; the United States did not cease to function in the
interim. In Nigeria’s case, it would neither be prudent nor serve the interests
of sound government to have made these appointments immediately on my elevation
to the presidency; instead, Nigeria must first put new rules of conduct and
good governance in place.
I cannot stress how important it is to ensure that this
process is carried out correctly, just as it has been crucial to first install
the correct leadership of the military and security services before we fully
take the fight to Boko Haram.
There are too few examples in the history of Nigeria
since independence where it can be said that good management and governance
were instituted at a national level. This lack of a governance framework has
allowed many of those in charge, devoid of any real checks and balances, to
plunder. The fact that I now seek Obama’s assistance in locating and returning
$150 billion in funds stolen in the past decade and held in foreign bank
accounts on behalf of former, corrupt officials is testament to how badly
Nigeria has been run. This way of conducting our affairs cannot continue.
Indeed, the failure of governance, it can be argued, has
been as much a factor in Nigeria’s inability thus far to defeat Boko Haram as
have been issues with the military campaign itself.
So the path we must take is simple, even if it is not
easy: First, instill rules and good governance; second, install officials who
are experienced and capable of managing state agencies and ministries; and
third, seek to recover funds stolen under previous regimes so that this money
can be invested in Nigeria for the benefit of all of our citizens.
We seek the support and partnership of the United States
in these tasks. The importance of the fight against terrorism and corruption in
Nigeria, Africa’s most powerful economy and largest populace, cannot be
underestimated. Our allies can provide much-needed military training and
intelligence as our soldiers take the war effort to Boko Haram. Similarly, we
look to U.S. businesses as well as the Obama administration to help develop
governance initiatives that can ensure that Nigeria’s wealth benefits all its
people, not just a few. By taking these steps, we will be positioned to benefit
from increased investment — particularly in energy and electricity — from the
United States.
I was elected on a platform of change. I know this is
what the people of Nigeria desire more than anything else. I know they are
impatient for action. I realize the world waits to see evidence that my
administration will be different from all those that came before. Yet reforming
my country after so many years of abuse cannot be achieved overnight. In our
campaigns against both Boko Haram and corruption, we should remain steadfast
and remember, as it is said: “Have patience. All things become difficult before
they become easy.”
First published in Washington Post on July 20, 2015.
